Africa Needs Better Meteorological Services

Given Africa’s vulnerability to climate change, variability and extreme weather events, better meteorological services are crucial for its development. The head of the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said this adding that such services were necessary in Africa’s struggle against poverty. “African National Meteorological and Hydrological Services must be seen as actors of development,” Michel Jarraud, the WMO Secretary-General, told a conference of finance and economy meeting in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia under the aegis of the African Union (AU). “They have an important role to play in regional and international action plans, particularly with regard to evaluating and monitoring the environment”, he stated. Mr. Jarraud emphasised that preparing for natural hazards, agricultural production, water resources and, particularly, climate change, needed to be stepped up in Africa. The WMO Secretary-General made the comments in a statement issued in Accra on Thursday April 3, 2008, by the UN Information Centre. Many African countries are among the world’s least developed and consequently are the most susceptible to threats posed by meteorological and hydrological disasters, such as drought, flooding, cyclones, dust storms and other extreme weather events, the WMO statement said. In February, for example, Cyclone Ivan caused catastrophic floods in Mozambique and Madagascar, resulting in enormous losses in human life, agricultural production and property. Drought has plagued many countries across sub-Saharan Africa, causing water shortages and damaging crops and threatening food security. “But if more is invested in developing the observational capacities of their national meteorological and hydrological services, improved weather forecasts, improved early warnings of imminent natural hazards and climate change can be made available to decision-makers and end-users,” the statement added. Mr. Jarraud said that at present, however, African meteorological services could not perform those critical functions. “Serious gaps still exist in observation networks, often due to instrument and systems failure, as well as the high costs of operation and maintenance,” he said, urging that African leaders to focus on fixing the problem. “Leaders can promote this by investing in and developing methods that can assess the socio-economic advantages of national meteorological and hydrological weather services,” he proposed.